Operational technology (OT) security is a critical concern for organizations that use industrial control systems (ICS), including those in the manufacturing, energy, and transportation sectors. These systems are used to control and monitor physical processes in industrial environments, and they are often connected to other systems and networks. Ensuring the security of these systems is crucial to prevent unauthorized access, data breaches, and other cyber threats that could lead to operational disruptions and physical damage.
Some Topics we deem as mandatory when dealing with a real-life OT Security project. Because these activities are typically not in place even if we often think so.
Compliance Requirements: Many organizations that use industrial control systems are subject to regulations such as NERC-CIP, NIST-SP800-82, ISO27001, NIS directive and other industry standards. So, it is important to understand the requirements and ensure that your organization is compliant.
Network segmentation: This involves creating multiple isolated networks within an organization, so that if one network is compromised, the rest of the networks remain secure. This is particularly important for ICS networks, which should be physically or logically separated from other networks, such as IT networks.
Access control: Ensuring that only authorized personnel can access industrial control systems and the data they generate is crucial for preventing unauthorized access and data breaches. This can include using security protocols such as multi-factor authentication and role-based access controls.
Patch management & Vulnerability Monitoring: Keeping industrial control systems up to date with the latest software and security patches is essential for addressing known vulnerabilities and protecting against new threats.
Incident response: Having a clear incident response process in place can help organizations quickly and effectively respond to security incidents, minimize damage and return the systems to normal operation as quickly as possible.
Supply chain security: This includes assessing and mitigating risks associated with third-party vendors and contractors who may have access to your organization's systems and networks.
It is crucial to note that OT security is a continuous journey, it is mandatory to stay informed about new threats and regulatory requirements. Developing a comprehensive security strategy that covers all these topics and regularly reviewing and updating it is necessary for protecting your organization's industrial control systems.